S urvey.

"This is a chapter about weathering. There are three major headings. One is on weathering, one on soil, and one on soil loss. In the weathering section there are four subheadings - about weathering, mechanical weathering, chemical weathering, and effects of climate on weathering. Under soil, there are three subheadings - formation of soil, soil profiles, and types of soil. Under soil loss, there is only one subheading - human activities and soil loss."

C onnect.

"All the sections in the weathering section describe different types of weathering. Some of the key words that I will write down are mechanical, chemical, and climate. In the section, characteristics of soil are discussed. key words are formation, profiles, and types. In the last section on soil loss, the effects of humans on soil loss are described. Here key words are effects and loss."

R ead.

"Now I will read the information under each heading. I will write down the words that are boldfaced. These words are mechanical and chemical."

O utline. "I will make an outline of what I just read. I will include the major headings and the subheadings." Weathering About weathering - breaking of rocks into smaller pieces. Mechanical Weathering Breaks down rocks without changing their chemical make-up. Causes are force of water, roots, and ice. Chemical weathering Chemical make-up of rocks is changed. Water, oxygen, and acids change the rocks. Effects of climate on weathering - very cold climates and warm wet climates cause weathering. Soil Formation of soil - mixture of rock and natural matter. Soil profiles - each layer is called a horizon. Type of soil depends on area, climate, type of rock, land, and time. Soil loss Caused by human activities Major causes are poor farming, overgrazing, and clearing of forests.